Heat Chemistry Definition

Heat Chemistry DefinitionHeat chemistry is a branch of chemistry, which studies the properties of metals and semiconductors. It studies the phase diagram of metals and semiconductors, which in turn helps to understand what metals are, their properties and how they can be used in applications.Heat conductivity is one property of metal that is of importance in heat chemistry and is also termed as thermal conductivity. In this context it is the ability of a material to transfer heat from one place to another with ease and without the use of a conductor medium.Heat melting and heat dissipation refer to the properties of a metal and its bonds which facilitate the transfer of heat from one place to another. Heat conductivity is measured with respect to the saturation point of the metal, where the metal is fully saturated. Heat melting refers to the property of materials where there is a steady increase in temperature as the quantity of metal and bonding increases and decreases. The propert y of heat melting varies according to the composition of the metal and the type of bonding that the material has.Heat transfer refers to the method by which a surface area is transferred from one area to another area. The heat transfer process refers to the proportion between the heat content of the medium and the amount of material used to transfer the heat to the heat medium. The temperature distribution in a process is known as the heat transfer coefficient and is an important feature of any heat transfer process. Heat transfer coefficient is commonly used as a function of temperature change and is given as:If the coefficient is very high for a particular substance when the substance is thermally conductive. If the coefficient is low then the substance is insulators. The tendency of a metal to transfer heat has been studied extensively to investigate how it can be made to do so in different materials and how to improve it.Heat conductivity is measured in a number of ways and each of these uses a different scale to measure the conductivity. The materials used to measure the heat conductivity are known as the metal spectrometers and the semiconductor spectrometers. There are many other methods of measuring the heat conductivity of a material, but these are the most common.Semiconductor metals like silicon, gallium arsenide and germanium are the materials used to study the properties of heat conductivity. These metals are also important in heat chemistry because they are used to study the properties of insulators and heat sinks which are of great importance in computing and computer-based systems.

How to Become a Food Technologist

How to Become a Food Technologist The Steps to Becoming a Food Technologist ChaptersGet EducatedGet ExperienceEstablish Your NetworkBecome a MemberMaybe you are the type of person who, upon discovering that the bag of crisps you just opened contains nothing but crisp-crumbs, you get frustrated.You might even think “There’s got to be a better way to package these so that they aren’t reduced to crumbles!”.Would you be surprised to know that crisp bags are pumped full of nitrogen for that very purpose?In the food processing plant, after the crisps are fried or baked, they are salted and/or flavoured, inspected and then packaged. Just before each bag is sealed it is treated to a puff of nitrogen.That nitrogen serves three purposes:1. it removes most of the oxygen, prolonging the product’s shelf life2. it prevents spoilage: bacteria need oxygen to live but the nitrogen displaces the oxygen3. the puffed-up bag acts like a bubble, protecting the crisps and (mostly) keeping them whole.So now you know: if you want fresh, relatively unbroken crisps, you shou ld select the puffiest bag!This cost-effective, ingenious way of preserving crisps actually has a name: modified atmosphere packaging, or MAP.MAP no doubt originated in a food science lab, quite possibly devised by a clever food technologist. Probably of the same ingenious vein that you are.If you’ve always had a soft spot for science and are possessed of a deep and abiding love for food, there is a career meant especially for you: food technologist.Food technologists play a vital role in the food industry. They ensure food safety in processing plants and make sure that food quality is not sacrificed to efficiency in production.Food technologists may have a hand in designing food processing plants as well as food packaging â€" but not necessarily labelling. That is another department altogether.However, the nutritional values and the ingredients list that appears on the label is the purview of the food scientist.Your Superprof intuits that you already have an interest in this fiel d.Perhaps you’d like to find out how you too could join the ranks of food technologists currently working on new, environmentally-friendly packaging and transportation methods for our food supply.As always, we are here to help. Let us now outline the steps you need to take to become a food technologist. As a manufacturing plant's expert on food sciences, you may be instrumental in helping design production plants Image by Malachi Witt from Pixabay GiovanniCooking Teacher 4.83 (12) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors HalimaCooking Teacher £12/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors HakimCooking Teacher 5.00 (5) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors VincenzoCooking Teacher £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors GinellaCooking Teacher £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ArronCooking Teacher 5.00 (2) £9/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JoshuaCooking Teacher 5.00 (5) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors FlickCooking Teacher 5.00 (1) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsGet EducatedPeople have been preserving food for centuries without the benefit of higher education.That doesn’t mean that, if you know all about curing meats, making sausage and bottling vegetables as your grandparents and maybe your parents did, you are automatically qualified to seek employment as a food technologist.The nature of the job and especially aspects of food safety and quality demand that there must be intensive study devoted to the subject.As an example: if you are a food technologist working in a food processing plant, your job would be to make sure the food is properly handled, does not get contaminated and meets all of the safety and quality standards set by the government.It might seem a bit daunting a proposition when you think about the possibility of people being made sick over a bad batch of tinned fish or bagged lettuce a food technologist approved for shipment to supermarkets all over the country and even abroad.However, if you study well, earn your degree and get the right on-the-job training, you needn’t worry that such a scenario will come to pass on your watch.Indeed, you will probably make sure that any food product sent out to the public meets the highest standards of food manufacturing safety.We fou nd the best food science and technology curricula at:London Metropolitan UniversityUniversity of LeedsUniversity of NottinghamUniversity of SurreyUniversity of ReadingUniversity of PlymouthGlasgow Caledonian UniversityRobert Gordon University AberdeenQueen’s University BelfastUlster University Northern IrelandTo gain admittance to any of these fine schools, you must have at least an ABB on your A-Levels.If you anticipate sitting A-Levels next year, it would be a good idea to include a science component â€" either biology or chemistry to the selections you have already made.Also, discover what subjects are covered in the food science technology curriculum. Don't forget to meet with your campus' career counsellor; s/he may connect you with people already working in the nutrition and food science industry Image by Free-Photos from PixabayGet ExperienceOnce you’ve been accepted into the food science degree programme of your choice, it is time to get cracking, and not just in your studies of dietetics, nutrition and food.Several of the above-listed universities offer a work placement component that complements your studies.The University of Reading, for instance, has an excellent work-study programme. You would spend a year working in a food manufacturing or processing plant; an opportunity that allows you to gain valuable work experience before receiving your undergraduate degree.The downside is that it will take you four years to graduate instead of three... but think of the value that extra year adds to your studies: you will get to see firsthand the duties of a food technologist in a professional setting.This is really the optimal wa y of getting your foot in the door of the food industry but there are others.Once you are nearing the end of your studies, you may search online for food technology apprenticeships. You may also find guidance in your school’s career centre.Discover the many ways you can train to become a food technologist.Establish Your NetworkIt is not uncommon for alumni who have established themselves in the food production industry to return to their alma mater and offer soon-to-graduate students their first crack into the job market.Nor would it be considered strange for you to visit your school’s career counselling centre to proclaim your availability and eagerness to work.Possibly, such an alumnus may visit your school and host a lecture or an informal question and answer session about new food products under development, or advances in food research their company is working on.It would be most beneficial for you to attend such events not just for your continuing development as a food tec hnologist but possibly for future career opportunities.At any rate, unless you intend to enrol in a graduate program, maybe to study food microbiology or biotechnology, it is a good idea to check in with your career counselling office; you never know what sage advice they may have for you.Join the discussion: what distinguishes a food technologist from a food scientist? You can make many career connections by attending food technology conferences Image by ?? ? from PixabayBecome a MemberUntil the mid-twentieth century, food science was not a field of study one could pursue because it didn’t exist.In 1955, the National College of Food Technology was established in the UK, which formulated a curriculum that was offered at four universities and one polytechnic school.From these tentative beginnings, a national institute was formed to, among other objectives, promote food science and technology as a legitimate field of study deserving of recognition and funding.By 1968, the Institute of Food Science and Technology had become incorporated, complete with Articles of Association, By-Laws and a Memorandum.Today, the Institute of Food Science Technology concerns itself with all aspects of food science and the technology used to produce and process food.Using both science and technology, it pledges to provide the public with safe, healthy, nutritious food. That is their core mission but, to highlight the relevance and importance of food safety, they undertake to increase public awareness of what the organisation does and why they do it.Besides educating the public about food science and nutrition, they emphasise the farm-to-table aspects of food production and their drive to improve every facet of the food supply, production and delivery chain.Before the ink dries on the degree you worked so hard to earn, you should declare yourself a member of IFST.You should know the Institute of Food Science Technology is not a government body; indeed it operates independently of the government.In 2007, the Charity Commission formally acknowledged the Institute of Food Science Technology, granting it its charitable status.Although our IFST is not overseen by the government, it has partnered with other similar concerns worldwide, such as the Institute of Food Technologists in the US and the International Union of Food Science and Technology.In fa ct, our IFTS gave the European Union the impetus to form their European Federation of Food Science and Technology!One of the best reasons to become a member of the Institute of Food Science Technology is that they actively promote careers in science to younger students by hosting competitions and awarding prizes.You may also attend their many conferences held throughout the year in various locations around the country. This would be an excellent chance to network; to get to know others in your field and possibly collaborate with them on a discovery project of your own.And that’s not all! As a member, you could partake of their continuing education offerings.Their Continuing Professional Development Program helps keep their members abreast of the latest developments in areas such as food engineering, human nutrition and food preservation.So there you have it: where to find your undergraduate program, where to find help and networking opportunities and the one body who stands to he lp you advance as food scientists.Now read our comprehensive overview of food science technology

Losing Weight through Boxing

Losing Weight through Boxing How to Lose Weight and Tone Your Body with Combat Sports ChaptersLosing Weight with BoxingHow Does Boxing Burn Calories?Which Type of Boxing is Best for Toning and Slimming?How Often Should You Box to Lose Weight?“You never lose until you actually give up.” - Mike Tyson62% of adults in the UK are classed as overweight and adult obesity has quadrupled in the last 25 years.Don't panic, though! Boxing is a high-intensity sport that has many benefits including sculpting your body and burning excess fat. Boxing is a good way to lose weight and tone up. Of course, it’s not the best sport for becoming skinny as you’ll replace fat with muscle mass.If that's what you're after, here’s our overview of how different types of boxing can help you lose weight. AndreyBoxing Teacher 5.00 (1) £35/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors KostiaBoxing Teacher 5.00 (1) £17/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors LeeBoxing Teacher £17/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors SajBoxing Teacher 5.00 (1) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tuto rs KaranBoxing Teacher £15/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ThomasBoxing Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors HaileyBoxing Teacher 4.50 (2) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors DavidBoxing Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsLosing Weight with BoxingIf you’ve ever been to a boxing club, you’ll notice that very few of the attendees are overweight. If you put in the effort, you'll start seeing the weight fall off. (Source: jarmoluk)This is because boxing is a great way to combat obesity.  You may have several reasons to lose weight including:Wanting to lose weight after pregnancy.Getting a flat stomach.Getting rid of cellulite.Slimming your arms.Building muscle mass.Losing a few pounds permanently.Increasing your metabolism.Going down a size.Getting to a healthy weight.We could list even more reasons to lose weight.Regular exercise is a great way to lose weight and amateur boxing is a great way to do it.Different types of boxing such as traditional boxing, savate, kickboxing, or Thai boxing, and martial arts (taekwondo, Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Krav Maga, etc.) can help to lower your body mass index (BMI).  BMI is often used by coaches to work out a healthy weight range for you.  A healthy BMI range depends on your age, height, weight, and gender and in general:Under 16: malnourishedBetween 16.5 and 18.5: underweight.Between 18.5 a nd 25: healthy weight range.Between 25 and 30: overweight.Between 30 and 35: low-risk obesity.Between 35 and 40: moderate-risk obesity.Greater than 40: high-risk obesity.If you’re reading this article, you probably have a BMI higher than 25.  Joining a boxing club might be the solution.This combat sport is great for strengthening many different muscle groups and improving your:EnduranceLung capacityCardiovascular system and cardio performanceAgilityFlexibilityReactionsCoordinationStress levelsComposureSelf-confidenceStrengthHowever, if you’re not losing weight after a few sessions, you may want to take a look at your diet to ensure that you lose weight.How Does Boxing Burn Calories?Whether you’re doing traditional boxing (with just punches) or savate, Thai boxing, or kick-boxing, there’ll be intense training sessions. If you want to lose weight, you also need to eat right. (Source: Free-Photos)Boxing is a good way to burn fat and tone muscle.  Of course, this is on the assumption that you’re eating healthily, not snacking between meals, and not consuming too much sugar or fat.  Combat sports, cardio boxing, or high-intensity interval training (HIIT) will all burn a lot of calories.Boxing is a combat sport that allows you to train safely on a punching bag or with a sparring partner as if you were in the ring.  â€œAs if” being the important words here...  In a lot of boxing clubs, you don’t actually have to fight.Generally, you’ll need to have equipment such as:Boxing gloves.Tape for your hands.Mouthguards.Shin guards.Cups for men.Chest protectors for women.Knee pads.Boxing helmets.Boxing lessons often involve an intense warm-up session, punching bags, pad work, technique, weight training, and stretching.So how can you lose weight with such a programme?In most boxing, you’ll regularly be b ouncing around and working your legs.  A skipping rope is often used to get your cardiovascular system going and improve your physical endurance; the foundation for most sports and exercise.  You’ll slowly but surely sculpt your abs, chest, and arms while learning techniques that are also useful for self-defence.Which Type of Boxing is Best for Toning and Slimming?So which boxing club should you sign up for? Fitness boxing, cardio boxing, savate, Thai boxing, or kickboxing? Which type of boxing is good for toning? Are there any differences in women’s boxing?We can’t say that one particular style or discipline is better than another.  It really depends on what you like. While all types of boxing are effective for losing weight, you should probably find the type that you enjoy the most. (Source: Claudio_Scott)Some prefer traditional boxing where you can only punch.  Others like the idea of kicking, too. Savate, Muay Thai, and kick-boxing all use kicks.  Kick-boxing also allows kneeing and Thai boxing allows elbowing.  You should know that Thai boxing allows almost any blow. Of course, you can’t hit “below the belt”, but this is the only place you can’t hit.  This might put off certain people because the risk of injury is greater than in the other types of boxing.Women in some cases may be drawn towards women’s boxing clubs.  Women’s boxing clubs (i.e not mixed) often include muscle toning, cardio training, and fitness training.  This may include ab work, shadow boxing, and elliptical trainers designed to strengthen a woman’s body.Find out more the different types of boxing.In any case, physical exercise and training can help you lose we ight quickly.During any boxing session, expect to:Sweat a lot.Push yourself.Build muscle.Lose weight.Tone your body.Similarly, boxing is a well-rounded discipline that allows you to build strength, become healthier, and learn self-defence skills.  In boxing, warming up often involves using a skipping rope, doing squats, sit-ups, push-ups, burpees, etc. and combines cardio and weight training.  It’s like several sports in one.Find out how boxing can help with stress.How Often Should You Box to Lose Weight?So how often should you go to the gym or boxing club?There are a lot of ways to work out how many calories you burn in a session. Make sure your boxing turns into a habit. (Source: Free-Photos)For example, based upon a 35-year-old woman measuring 5’6” and weighing 10st 3lbs weighing doing high-intensity 90-minute boxing session will yield the following results:1,230 calories burnt.1 session per week: around a pound lost.2 sessions per week: around two pounds lost.3 sessions per week: around three pounds lost.4 sessions per week: around four pounds lost.Generally, boxing burns around 800 calories per hour.Whether you want to lose weight or train for a competition, you’re not going to train with the same frequency.  Boxing clubs often have several sessions a week for each discipline which means you can go multiple times a week.  With around 300 to 400 calories burnt in half an hour, this is more intensive than surfing or cycling.There’s also an effect known as “afterburn” whereby your body continues to burn calories at an increased rate after having done exercise.To keep in shape or lose weight, we re commend at least two sessions a week.  If you want to become a professional boxer, however, you’ll need to practise every day. Professional boxers can train for up to 5 hours a day!If you'd like to do boxing, mixed martial arts, or kickboxing classes, consider getting in touch with one of the many talented and experienced tutors on Superprof. There are three main types of tutorial available, face-to-face tutorials, online tutorials, and group tutorials, and each type comes with its own pros and cons.Group tutorials tend to be the cheapest per student per hour since they're all paying for a share of the tutor's time. Of course, this means that you'll get less one-on-one time with your tutor or coach and they won't be able to tailor the sessions to just you as they'll have other clients that they need to keep happy.Face-to-face tutorials are just between you and your private tutor. In this case, you'll be paying for a bespoke and tailored service and during your lessons, you'll enjo y the tutor or coach's undivided attention. This all comes at a price and while face-to-face private tutorials are the most cost-effective, they also tend to be the most costly per hour.Finally, thanks to the advent of the internet, you can now enjoy online private tutorials. With video conferencing software, a webcam, a microphone, and a decent internet connection, you can enjoy private tutoring from tutors all over the world. Since the tutor won't be travelling to their students and they can schedule more tutorials each week, they can charge a more competitive rate and online tutorials are usually cheaper per hour than face-to-face tutorials.Think carefully about your budget and your learning goals, look at several different tutors and the different types of tutorials before you make your final decision, and don't forget to make the most of the fact that many of the tutors on Superprof will offer the first hour of tuition for free. While this hour won't usually be a proper session , it's a good opportunity to get to know your potential private tutor, see if you get along with them, discover what their teaching approach is, and discuss the finer details of the type of coaching and tuition you'd like.

Are You Doing Any of These 6 Things Wrong In Your Elevator Speech - Introvert Whisperer

Introvert Whisperer / Are You Doing Any of These 6 Things Wrong In Your Elevator Speech - Introvert Whisperer Are You Doing Any of These 6 Things Wrong In Your Elevator Speech? These days we all know we need an elevator speech, especially if you’re a job seeker or a business owner. An elevator speech can be a great and memorable way to introduce yourself, if done right. When elevator speeches go wrong, they’re memorable for the wrong reasons mostly they’re boring or cringe-worthy. Don’t let that be you. Here are 6 of the more common issues you want to avoid in your elevator speech: 1. Waaaay Too Long I’ve heard elevator speeches that were longer than commercials. These people are attempting to put a full-length resume in an oral review. Don’t do that. Make your elevator speech one or two sentences as a maximum length. In the case of elevator speeches, less is more. (Click here to tweet this thought.) 2. Filled With Overused Terms Just as you need to avoid certain overused, trite terms in your resume and interview, that also applies to your elevator speech. Terms like “customer service-oriented, “people person” and “results oriented” need to be kept out of your elevator speech. Use more powerful, specific terminology instead. 3. Wimpy Words Instead, use powerful verbs. You need to think about your results and if you can toss in numbers or comparisons. They all add to your credibility. 4. Starting With “I Am” The fastest way to the snooze button is to start an elevator speech with “I am…” The primitive brain of your listener will go into autopilot. “I am” allows their brain to instantly categorize you and go to sleep. You will lose them. Your elevator speech should be interesting and compelling enough to make the listener want to ask more about you. They can’t get too engaged with you when they’ve checked out. 5. You’re Cringing Yourself I’ve heard some elevator speeches that simply made you cringe with embarrassment. The person saying it made up something, but it wasn’t something they were comfortable with. You do have to practice your elevator speech so you’re comfortable, but if you’ve fully memorized it and you feel like you have fleas in your shorts you need to toss it out and start over again. Apparently, it’s just not who you are authentically. Your elevator speech needs to be something you can feel comfortable with and even proud to say. 6. Not Compelling It’s kind of tough to think about ourselves in glowing, interesting terms. But you only have one opportunity to make a first impression on someone, and you need to hold their attention. I have yet to meet a person who didn’t have at least one seriously interesting thing to say about them or their business. That should be the thing you have in your elevator speech. If you can’t think of it, you haven’t thought hard enough. If you still can’t think of something, ask people you know to tell you what sorts of things they tell people about you those are usually very memorable. You don’t want to be on the receiving end of an elevator speech you want to run away from. More importantly you don’t want that elevator speech coming out of you. Keep these tips in mind, and you’ll have an elevator speech that will make a great, lasting impression. Go to top Personal Branding starts with how well you speak about YOU.   I want to help you accelerate your career by connecting you with your Free Instant Access to my eBook â€" The Definitive Guide to Creating and Using an Elevator Speech.   In this guide, I give you simple to follow instructions for creating a “wardrobe” of ways to talk about you â€" to leave a lasting impression.   Get your copy now: CLICK HERE Brought to you by Dorothy Tannahill-Moran â€" dedicated to unleash your professional potential. What’s your current elevator speech? Share your example with us in the comments! Image: Flickr

What is an Average SAT Score

What is an Average SAT Score As a high school student, test prep is likely on the forefront of your mind. Regardless of if youre in the early stages of SAT prep or have just sat for an exam, its important to understand how the SAT is scored. A common question to ask when deciphering SAT scoring is, What is the average SAT score? Answering this question can help you to know how you fare against other students applying to your desired schools. According to The College Board, the average SAT score in 2017 was a 1060 (on a scale of 400-1600). Its one thing to know the average SAT score, and another to understand how it applies to you. To understand the average SAT score, its key to know how the SAT section scores are broken down, how your target schools use SAT scores, and how to establish a proper SAT study routine. Heres what youll find in this article: How the SAT is scored How SAT sections are scored What to know about the optional SAT essay What equating in SAT scoring means How schools use the SAT How to navigate an above or below average SAT score Where to focus your time on the SAT How to establish an SAT study routine What this SAT breakdown means for you SAT scoring can conjure up many questions for students. When understanding the average SAT score, its important to note section scores, how to navigate an above or below average score, and how to identify your goal score. Keep reading to learn the average SAT score and how it applies to you. How is the SAT scored? SAT scores are about more than national averages. Youll instead be looking at the average score of students attending the schools to which you will apply. First, however, it's important to understand how SAT scoring is broken down. Below, you will find a chart detailing the percentile that various SAT scores fall in. Noting that the average SAT score is 1060, receiving this score would put students in the 51st percentile. What this means is 51 percent of students taking the SAT scored at or below 1060. Additionally, if you receive a perfect score of 1600, you fall in the 99th percentilemeaning 99 percent of students scored at or below this score. Percentile Range Average SATScore (out of 1600) 99th percentile 1600 82nd percentile 1250 71st percentile 1170 51st percentile- average 1060 *The above data points come from The College Board. Unfortunately, an SAT score report is not as simple as reading your average report card. Youve got to know what youre looking for and what youre looking at. First, its important to recognize that SAT scores represent a range of scores you might receive if you were to take the test multiple times. Colleges recognize that most students (in certain sections) may score around 40 points above or below their true ability, though a range is typically an adequate predictor of college readiness. You will receive a raw scorewhich represents the number of questions answered correctlythat is converted into a score between 200 and 800 for each of two sections. This will be adjusted for differences in versions of the test. Your score report will show college readiness benchmarks and how you compare to other students. SAT test-takers also receive a percentile between one and 99, as discussed above, that reflects the percentage of students who are equal to or below the score you received. This percentage is divided into two categoriesthe first, which compares your performance to all U.S. students in a particular grade level (even those who dont typically take the test), and the second, which shows your score in comparison to only some U.S. students (only those who do typically take the test) in your grade. [RELATED: What Does SAT Stand For?] How are SAT sections scored? Now that you have learned the buzzwords involved in SAT scoring, its important to understand how your overall SAT score is broken down. Every section of the SAT has its own raw score, which indicates the number of questions you answered correctly. You will receive two main scores on your report: Evidence-Based Reading and Writing, which combines the scores from the Reading and the Writing and Language sections, and Math, which includes both the calculator and no-calculator portions of the exam *The above data points come from The College Board. When finding your SAT Math score, youll want to begin by identifying your raw score. There are two types of points in the SAT Math sectioncalculator and no-calculator. There are 38 possible points in the calculator section and 20 in the no-calculator. You receive no penalty for blank or incorrect answers, and your top achievable score is 58. When calculating your raw score in the Reading section, youll need the total number of questions you correctly answered. The highest score possible is a 52. To do well on the Reading portion, youll need to demonstrate that you can read and comprehend the passage given to you. Your analysis points will come from analyzing the passage as it relates to the prompt and presenting a good argument. The SAT Writing and Language section will reward you with points for constructing a response that is grammatically correct and logical. To calculate your score for this section, use the same formula as above. The highest score possible is 44. Instead of adding your raw scores together, consult a conversion table to get the scaled scores for both the Reading and the Writing and Language sections. Add them together and multiply by 10, which will give you your final score. To get a composite score, add both Math, Reading, and Writing and Language scores. As part of the official SAT changes in the 2016 redesign, SAT sections are broken down even further into subscores that offer students insight into various skill sets. These subscores include: Expression of Ideas Standard English Conventions Heart of Algebra Problem Solving and Data Analysis Passport to Advanced Math Words in Context Command of Evidence What should you know about the optional SAT Essay? The SAT does not include the essay score in the final composite score, so there is no need to calculate it to find out how you did on the other parts of the test. Instead, the SAT essay awards a total of three scores, each between two and eight. The three sections scored include reading, analysis, and writing. Two people will read your essay and each will provide scores ranging from one to four for each portion. Note that there is no composite score for the SAT essay, meaning the three scores are not added together. As of late, the SAT Essay is required by fewer and fewer schools. This prompts the question of whether you should take it. Generally, it is still recommended to sit for the SAT essay. The essay can showcase your readiness for college writing and allow schools to see your writing skills first-hand. Contact your schools of interest in order to see if they require the SAT essay, or visit the schools website for further details. The College Board also offers this tool to search for your schools requirements. As a note, the below schools no longer require the SAT essay in order to be considered for admission: Columbia University Harvard University Cornell University Stanford University Princeton University Boston University The SAT will require you to plan, write, and edit an essay in a short amount of time. Look at past essay prompts and suggested practice prompts to see where you can improve. Meet with a teacher or an SAT tutor and have him or her review your response with you to determine your strengths and weaknesses. Perhaps you are struggling with organization and need to pay closer attention to the way paragraphs fall. Or perhaps your spelling needs improvement or your sentences dont flowwhatever the problem, practice will ensure that your score doesnt suffer. What is equating in SAT scoring? Its also important to note that SAT scores go through an equating process. This ensures that scores from one test date are equal to another date and truly reflect all students abilities. In order words, this is in place to keep scoring fair for all students. The difficulty of exams can vary; therefore, one wrong answer on one exam could hold as much weight as two or three wrong answers on another exam. The June 2018 SAT saw this process put into play. This exam was easier than previous exams, resulting in a score drop for some test-takers. That is to say, on the June 2018 exam, students lost more points for wrong answers than on previous versions of the test. Its important to note this process if you plan to take the SAT on multiple dates. How do schools use the SAT? While it may seem unfair to use your SAT score as a significant indicator of college success, test results often correlate with the academic dedication of the student. Understanding how schools use your SAT score is vital when determining which schools may be the right fit for you. If youre early in the process of looking at schools and thinking about potential SAT scores, it may be useful to have a general idea of the average SAT scores in particular locations. The following chart provides a sample of average 2017 SAT scores at select schools. University Average SATScore 2017 Princeton University 1500-1600 Dartmouth College 1478 Columbia University 1490-1580 Cornell University 1480 All schools hold different average scores for both sections and overall, so be sure to investigate your schools thoroughly. Understanding how particular schools use test scores can help you to identify which colleges and universities fall into your reach, target, and safety school categories. How do you navigate an above or below average SAT score? Going into your SAT test day, youll likely have some idea of what your score will be. If you score lower than you expected, create a revamped prep plan and test again. There are a number of benefits to testing multiple times, one of which is a general increase in score. In this event, let the first test act as another practice. This way, youll feel more confident going into the second SATand your score will likely reflect it. If you find you have performed better than expected on the SAT, keep an open mind and explore new opportunities that may be available to you now. Reexamine your reach, target, and safety schools to note if your options have changed. For example, a school you had previously identified as a reach may be more realistic based on your recieved score. Keep in mind that your SAT score, while important, is not the only deciding factor for college admissions departments. Adequately prepare for the test, but dont allow yourself to get knocked down if you dont get the results you were hoping for. Either way, make yourself a competitive candidate by maintaining a high GPA, taking challenging classes, and involving yourself in relevant extracurricular activities. As a student, youre in a great position to be flexibleembrace your score, whether it is what you expected or not. Where should you focus your time on the SAT? It can be difficult to know where your time is best spent, so take some time to create a study plan that will work for you. Your first step will be to determine how much time you have available and what score you are aiming for. Are you working toward an average SAT score with a year of alloted prep time? Do you hope to score in the top 10 percent with three months of study time? Knowing the answers to these questions will give you a good place to begin your prep. As for time spent on the actual test, there are other things to consider. First, always make a guess if theres an answer you dont know on the exam. Youre not penalized for wrong answers, so dont leave anything blank. Dont spend a lot of time on these types of questions; make an educated guess and move on. Math may not come as naturally to some students, but this means it can be a significant distinguisher if you perform well on this section. If youre looking for more than an average SAT score, excelling in math could help you stand out. While a high composite score is more valuable, you should still aim to do very well on the essay. A lot of colleges look at your essay score to get a general feel for your ability to write, so brush up on your reading comprehension and grammar prior to test day. [RELATED: 3 Habits that are Hurting Your SAT Prep] How do you establish an SAT study routine? One of the most important parts of establishing a study routine is identifying a dedicated study space. Having a go-to location can help prepare your brain for study and testing by freeing it of other distractions. Ideally, your SAT study space will be for studying onlyno double duty. It should be well stocked with everything you need to study, including practice tests, writing utensils, calculators, paper, and a timer. It should also be comfortable and maintain the level of noise that is most conducive to your studying. Youll want to think carefully about how long you should study for the SAT. Think about when your test date is and how much time youll realistically be able to spend studying with all of your other obligations. Identify areas where you need the most practice and those in which you are most comfortable, in an effort to pinpoint the appropriate amount of study time. [RELATED: 5 Factors that Affect How Long You Should Study for the SAT] To avoid feeling bogged down by the enormity of the SAT, try dividing your prep into smaller, more manageable tasks. Familiarize yourself with the structure of the test so you know exactly what to expect. Work on comprehending math formulas that will undoubtedly be on the test by using flashcards. Begin reading material in areas where you may be weakerthis will strengthen your knowledge of a subject and increase your reading, grammar, vocabulary, and comprehension skills. Use a variety of SAT resources to study, including SAT flashcards, SAT videos, outlines, and podcasts. Cater to your specific learning style and dont be afraid to try some new tactics. An alternative strategy is to place a heavier focus on prep for the sections you are stronger at, in an effort to elevate your overall score. However, you cant let one score be dramatically lower than the other. For example, earning a 750 on Reading and Writing and a 450 on the Math section will raise questions from schools. Focusing on your strengths, as opposed to your weaknesses, only works if your performance level is relatively similar in both areas. Otherwise, it can pay off to place a larger focus on the areas where you could use improvement. Youll also want to familiarize yourself with your calculator, taking care not to switch calculators in close proximity to your test date. Since youll be timed, knowing how to use all of the features on your calculator efficiently might help you reach your desired score. Finally, the best tool you have at your disposal is the many SAT practice tests available to you. Aim for a practice test at least every two weeks, and take them as though youre taking the real exam. Use a timer, take the test uninterrupted, and figure out how youll pace yourself. This will help with test timing, but will also give you a better idea of where you could use additional study time. [RELATED: Benefits of Taking SAT Practice Tests] What does this SAT breakdown mean for me? Given that the average SAT score you need can vary depending upon your goals, it is important to be able to tell what score youre aiming for. To do this, try using a range of tools to match you with a school. Tools can allow you to enter a region, school size, average SAT score, selectivity, and public or private distinction, and will provide you with a list of schools that meet your criteria. This is a great option if youre still considering which schools to apply to, scored higher or lower than you anticipated, or are taking the SAT with enough time to retake as necessary. The most important part of aiming for a certain SAT score is to equate your overall raw score with the number of questions you need to get correct. This gives you a measurable goal to work toward and a way of thinking about your score as high, medium, or low. Noting that the average SAT score is 1060 can help you to pinpoint your target score and narrow down what schools to apply to. By arming yourself with test-taking knowledge, subject-specific information, and confidence, youll be well on your way to beating your target SAT score. Any topics you want to know more about? Let us know! The Varsity Tutors Blog editors love hearing your feedback and opinions. Feel free to email us atblog@varsitytutors.com.

Online Personal Letter Format Tutors Tutorpace

Online Personal Letter Format Tutors Tutorpace Personal letter are the letters which are sent to a person or an organization in order to acknowledge things in an informal way. Mentioned below is the format useful for writing a personal letter. Address: The senders address is to be written by the sender on the extreme top right side of the letter. This information helps the receiver to reply back using the mentioned address details. The receivers address is written on left side of the letter beneath the senders address. Its important to include the name of the receiver. Date: The date of the letter should be written below the senders address on the top right side of the letter. Example for the date format is: 1st March 2009. Greetings: Is important to start the letter by greeting the receiver by appropriate prefixes or words such as Mr. / Mrs. / Miss / Dear/ Dr. etc. according to the familiarity with the person. Content: Here the sender can write his/her message or information to the receiver. In a personal letter the sender usually can convey all his message in a less formal way according to his/her familiarity with the receiver. Conclusion: This is where the sender can conclude his letter. It is appropriate or preferred to use warm or considerate word while concluding a personal letter. Example: Yours, Best wishes, All the Best etc. Signature: At the very end of the letter the sender need to write his name or preferred signature beneath the concluding phrase.

English Fitness Vocabulary - Vocabulary Words Related to Fitness

English Fitness Vocabulary - Vocabulary Words Related to Fitness Nowadays the majority of people worry about their health and generally try to ensure their body is in good shape. People talk about fitness and work out routines on a day to day basis. Hopefully, our short English fitness vocabulary will be useful to you next time you talk about your level of fitness or your exercise routine in English. First of all, the word HEALTH  is sometime used incorrectly. Make sure you use it is a noun.ex. My health is my  wealth.   A very common English expression but it is very important.The word HEALTHY is an adjective  so again make sure you only use it in this way. Adjectives in English describe nouns and pronouns. We can place adjectives either before a noun or after a verb.    ex. I am healthy. He is very healthy.Porridge is a healthy breakfast choice.Also we can use it in  the comparative format healthier, healthiest. English Fitness Vocabulary Words To ensure you are in fact healthy you should visit the doctor frequently. I am terrible at this and  usually only go if I am ill and even then I have to be very ill before I make an appointment. However, I  still try to ensure I eat a healthy diet and take reasonable (some) amounts of exercise.Before taking up exercise (cycling, running or gym work) it is advisable to get a check up (let the  doctor check your heart, blood pressure etc). If there are any problems they can be picked up (identified) before it is too late.We have many ways of exercising and it usually depends on your time and preferences. I like cycling  but others prefer the gym or jogging.Whether it is a gentle workout (easy at the beginning until you  improve your condition) or a strenuous session (harder work out for more experienced and fitter  people) there is something to suit everyone. Lets learn some English words and phrases associated with  these English Vocabulary about Fitness Don’t keep this to yourself. Tell the world. English Fitness Vocabulary Expressions Going for a spin Take your bike out of the shed or basement and cycle for several kilometres.ex. I took  my bike for a quick spin before going to work.To work out Probably, the most popular phrasal verb in English fitness vocabulary. It means to do some exercise.  ex. I try to work out twice a week.Workout is a noun and it means some time spent in the gym (or in the park, for example) doing exercises.ex. I went to the gym for a workout.I usually have a workout three times a week.Stretch the legs to do some brief warm up exercises, to prepare for your full work outex. I usually like to go for a brisk (quick) walk to stretch my legs after sitting at the desk  all day.To shed pounds to lose some weightex. Eating fewer carbs and more protein will help you shed pounds.To shift some weight can also be used in the same meaningex. I really want to shift some weight before my holidays.Spare tyre excessive amount of weight around your waistTo get rid of ones spare tyre to lose weight  ex . Our effective seven-day diet plan will help you get rid of that spare tyre in no time.To slim down to become smaller in sizeex. Regualr workouts helped him to slim down considerably.Loosen up/Warm up Before doing anything in the gym or before you set out for your jog it is always  recommended to do some stretching exercises to “loosen up” or “warm up”. In that way you should  avoid any muscle injuries.Circuit training If you are working with a personal trainer or with a specific plan you usually do a few  circuits (specific exercises that you repeat several times)ex. I do 2 circuits and repeat every exercise 15  times.After the gym or your jog you will want to warm down  (similar to warm up but at the end of your  work out). Then you may jump into (quickly as not much time) the shower, grab (again to take  something quickly) a quick drink and get going (go where you have to go, work or school or home).In order to stay healthy,  we need  to have an active lifestyle. Plea se make sure that you not only learn English fitness vocabulary words, but also maintain a regular exercise routine.